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Native to North America, Europe, and Asia, it can be identified by its long spines (longer than 1 centimetre or 1⁄2 inch), occurrence on hardwoods, and tendency to grow a single clump of dangling spines. The fruit bodies can be harvested for culinary use. H. erinaceus can be mistaken for other species of Hericium, which grow across the same range. In the wild, these mushrooms are common during late summer and fall on hardwoods, particularly American beech and maple. Usually H. erinaceus is considered saprophytic, as it mostly feeds on dead trees. It can also be found on living trees, so it may be a tree parasite. This could indicate an endophytic habitat. Outside of cultivation, lion's mane is usually associated with a tree wound and causes a white pocket rot. Decayed tissue becomes spongy and eventually disintegrates to form a cavity. The distinctive fruiting bodies (basidiocarps) generally appear near the edges of old wounds in the fall. The fruit bodies of H. erinaceus are large, irregular bulbous tubercules.

1-5 cm (1⁄2-2 in) long or longer. The hyphal system is monomitic, amyloid, and composed of thin- to thick-walled hyphae that are approximately 3-15 μm (microns) wide. The hyphae also contain clamped septa and gloeoplerous elements (filled with oily, resinous substances), which can come into the hymenium as gloeocystidia. The basidia are 25-40 µm long and 5-7 µm wide, contain four spores each and possess a basal clamp. The white amyloid spores measure approximately 5-7 µm in length and 4-5 µm in width. The spore shape is described as subglobose to short ellipsoid and the spore surface is smooth to finely roughened. The fruit bodies of H. erinaceus are mainly produced annually from August to November in Europe. If you have any questions regarding exactly where and how to use manufacturer of shiitake mushroom extract powder as Raw Material for food, you can make contact with us at our web site. It was observed that H. erinaceus could fruit intermittently for 20 years on the same dead tree. It is hypothesized that H. erinaceus can survive for 40 years. The mating system of H. erinaceus species found in the U.S. The monokaryotic mycelium growth of H. erinaceus is slower than dikaryotic growth and only a relatively low percentage of monokaryotic cultures yield fruitbodies.

Monokaryotic fruitbodies are also smaller than dikaryotic fruitbodies. The monokaryotic mycelium was found to produce fusoid to subglobose chlamydospores of 6-8 x 8-10 µm size. These spores can stay viable for more than seven years and be stored under anaerobic conditions. Spore production is highest at midday, relative to temperature increase and a decrease of relative humidity. Daily trends toward lower relative humidity can favor sporulation, however, levels of relative humidity that are too low do not favor high total spore production. H. erinaceus contains diverse phytochemicals, including polysaccharides, such as β-glucan, as well as hericenones and erinacines. Low concentrations of ergosterol are present. Similar species include Hericium americanum and Hericium coralloides. Both the Latin genus name Hericium and the species name erinaceus mean 'hedgehog' in Latin. This is also reflected by the German name, Igel-Stachelbart (literally, 'hedgehog goatee'), and some of its common English names, such as bearded hedgehog and hedgehog mushroom.

It is known in Japan as yamabushitake (Kanji: 山伏茸, Katakana: ヤマブシタケ) in reference to the yamabushi or mountain ascetics of the syncretistic religion known as Shugendo; while in Chinese it is known as hóutóugū (simplified Chinese: 猴头菇; traditional Chinese: 猴頭菇; Jyutping: hau4 tou4 gu1) meaning "monkey head mushroom", and in Europe and the United States as lion's mane. Hericium species can be found throughout the northern hemisphere. H. erinaceus has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. Its production is widespread within Asia, mostly using extensive production practices on wood logs or stumps. Despite its higher prevalence in Asia, H. erinaceus was first described scientifically in North America. Its production there occurs only on a small scale. Most of it is intensive indoor production with only a few small outdoor sites where log cultivation is practiced. Three Hericium species can be found in eastern North America, one being H. erinaceus, the other two H. americanum and H. coralloides.